My thought is with 1 vent line the tank would only vent. In..Out no sizable exchange of air. With 2 vents, an exchange of air(oxygen). Is this a good theory? Jim
That depends on how long the vent line is, size of the diameter, whether it's straight or has bends in it, and how steep the rise is.
A 1" vent line that's absolutely straight, no more than 5' long, doesn't rise more steeply than 45 degrees, AND has nice open bulkhead thru-hull with no cover or screen in it will exchange air with the gasses in the tank just fine. The longer and/or steeper the line, the harder time it has exchanging air...bends in the line make it impossible. When none or most of the above is possible, a second vent may be needed...sometimes aeration is the only solution.
In a perfect world, all toilets would be right behind the v-berth...the tank would be under the v-berth...and the vent line would run forward off the top of the bow end of the tank to exit the hull about 2' aft of the stem, about a foot below the toe rail. 'Cuz that guarantees that air will be continuously forced into the vent any time the boat is underway or on a mooring or anchor. Unfortunately, boat builders often have a different idea what makes a perfect world, so we have to work with what the give us.